Recent advances in neuroscience are radically reshaping our understanding of how children learn to read—and why some struggle—offering educators powerful insights for supporting diverse learners in every classroom (Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, 2025; Gotlieb, Rhinehart, & Wolf, 2025). How the Brain Learns to Read Key predictors of future literacy, such as phonological awareness and “perceptual expertise” for letter patterns, are reflected in both brain anatomy and response

Supporting children who struggle with reading, writing, or spelling—especially those who are neurodivergent or learning English as an additional language—can feel overwhelming. With so much new research emerging, it’s important to understand not only what each study says but how these findings fit together to shape effective teaching and tutoring practices. In this post, we’ll explore the key insights from the latest research on structured literacy and neurodiversity, highlig